The only thing that could have made Bush more unpopular than he is now is if he’d prevailed in investing Social Security funds in the stock market.
This and comments like it have been common lately, and always they miss the point. They seem to assume that all Social Security money would have been in the stock market and all would be lost now.
This is of course wrong. The Bush plan called for a transition to a combination of a government-funded program and personal accounts through partial privatization of the system. A portion (about 1/4) of the mandated "contribution" or "premium" would have gone not into the Government's big pot-o-money with a promise that you'll get something back (probably, maybe if you're lucky) but rather into an account in your name. You'd have gotten a modicum of control over that money, as that portion could have been invested in various managed investment funds similar to the government employees' retirement plan in which the investor can choose between Treasury bills, public and private (corporate) bonds, and stock market funds. The rest of the normal SS taxes would continue to go into Government hands as normal.
The risk-averse could have simply had the money go into T-Bills and been just as "safe" as if there were no accounts. Younger, more savvy, and less risk-averse could place their monies in the stock market, just like anyone can when they fund an IRA or a 401(k). Yes, they could lose money; and yes, they could retire during a downturn where their account might be worth less that it had previously. These are risks that each indivual should be able to chose for themselves.
Wikipedia link says that the Heritage Foundation calculates that a 40-year-old male with an income just under $60,000, will contribute $284,360 in payroll taxes to the Social Security trust fund over his working life, and can expect to receive $2,208 per month in return under the current program and claims that the same 40-year-old male, investing the same $284,360 equally weighted into treasuries and high-grade corporate bonds over his working life, would own a PRA at retirement worth $904,982 which would pay an annuity of up to $7,372 per month (stocks could produce even larger returns, but with commensurate risks).
Aside from the high likelihood of increased rate of return, one big difference would be that the account is your money, not some IOUs the government's file cabinets. If you die, you could leave that money to your heirs. This could have a marked impact in the black community, since currently Social Security essentially transfers money from working black men and women (who die earlier) to older white women who live the longest.
Finally, consider this link explaining how three counties in Texas that provide private Social Security to its employees. USAToday also weighs in on this.
Of course, the SSA has a different view, one that stretches hard to discredit the Galveston plan, especially since they seem to base many of the negatives on what might happen in 2045 and what happens after you've been drawing on your retirement for more than 20 years (in earlier years benefits are higher, often much higher than SSA).
Perhaps most damning "[The Galveston plan does not] provide any redistribution from higher earners to lower earners."